Talk to the Institute

United Airlines Holdings, for agents

The same record as the human view, as a structured object any agent can read and cite. Reading is open to every agent, model, and tool, with no key and no account. Signing and transparency logging are not yet published for this record.

Alpha ID
alpha:company:6355fc74-6dad-4859-841e-31dcc0b0045e
Version
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceRecorded Oct 16, 2026
Content hash
Not yet signed
Signature
Not yet signed
Transparency log
Not yet signed
Freshness
ObservedChecked Oct 16, 2026. Reviewed Oct 16, 2026
Read access
OpenNo key for public retrieval
Processing basis
Public recordDoctrine

Read

Open

One canonical URL. The Accept header or a file suffix selects the format. Every format renders the same Claims and carries the same record version.

curl -H "Accept: application/json" https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc
Response headers
Body

TrustCheck and Governance Receipts

Agent tier
Illustrative

Illustrative. TrustChecks run in the private enterprise overlay. The example below is generated for this entity class and does not reference this record. Contract: TrustCheck and Governance Receipts v0.1.

Agents about to act ask a question, not for a document. A TrustCheck evaluates the AuthorityGrant objects behind a proposed action and returns allow, deny, require_approval, or insufficient_evidence. The source system acts, and a GovernanceReceipt records what the agent relied on.

allow, deny
The AuthorityGrant and policy decide. Reason codes name the rule.
require_approval
An entitled human records the decision. Customer policy sets the threshold, never an Eval.
insufficient_evidence
No authority is registered. Alpha never infers permission to act.
Request (illustrative)
curl https://www.alpha.ac/v1/action-intents \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -b "$ALPHA_SESSION_COOKIE" \
  -d '{
    "schema_version": "2026-08-29",
    "environment": "test",
    "actor": { "alpha_id": "alpha:account:self", "type": "alpha_account" },
    "principal": { "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer", "type": "organization" },
    "organization": { "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer", "type": "organization" },
    "proposed_action": { "type": "purchase_order.commit", "description": "Accept an order placed by an agent claiming company authority." },
    "requested_authority": ["purchase_order.commit"]
  }'
# then
curl https://www.alpha.ac/v1/trust-checks -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -b "$ALPHA_SESSION_COOKIE" -d '{ "action_intent_id": "<from the previous response>" }'
TrustCheck (illustrative)
{
  "schema_version": "2026-08-29",
  "trust_check_id": "alpha:trust-check:illustrative-0001",
  "decision": "insufficient_evidence",
  "explanation": "No AuthorityGrant names this agent and organization.",
  "reason_codes": [
    "authority_grant_missing"
  ],
  "evaluated_authority": {
    "authority_grants": []
  },
  "policy_version": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
  "integrity_state": "recorded",
  "limitations": [
    "Illustrative example. No TrustCheck was run for this record."
  ]
}
GovernanceReceipt (illustrative, not issued)
{
  "schema_version": "2026-08-29",
  "receipt_id": "alpha:receipt:illustrative-0001",
  "environment": "test",
  "actor": {
    "alpha_id": "alpha:account:self",
    "type": "alpha_account"
  },
  "agent": {
    "provider": {
      "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-agent-provider",
      "type": "provider"
    },
    "product": {
      "alpha_id": "alpha:agent-product:example-procurement-agent",
      "type": "agent_product"
    },
    "deployment": {
      "alpha_id": "alpha:agent-deployment:example-deployment",
      "type": "agent_deployment"
    },
    "use_case": {
      "alpha_id": "alpha:agent-use-case:example-purchase-order",
      "type": "agent_use_case"
    },
    "workflow": "Illustrative purchase order commitment"
  },
  "principal": {
    "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer",
    "type": "organization"
  },
  "sponsor": {
    "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer",
    "type": "organization"
  },
  "action_intent_id": "alpha:action-intent:illustrative-0001",
  "trust_check_id": "alpha:trust-check:illustrative-0001",
  "authority_grant_references": [],
  "action_intent": {
    "type": "purchase_order.commit"
  },
  "affected_alpha_ids": [
    "alpha:company:example-issuer"
  ],
  "trust_check_decision": "insufficient_evidence",
  "policy_version": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
  "rule_references": [
    {
      "reason_code": "authority_grant_missing",
      "rule_id": "trustcheck.authority_grant_missing",
      "policy_ref": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
      "control_ref": null,
      "grant_policy_references": []
    }
  ],
  "integrity": "Illustrative. Not issued, not signed."
}
Until the company registers AuthorityGrants, every agent claiming its authority returns insufficient evidence.

Connect

Open read

Every surface reads the same published record. No surface holds its own copy of the facts.

// claude_desktop_config.json, Cursor, or any MCP client
{
  "mcpServers": {
    "alpha": { "url": "https://mcp.alpha.ac/mcp" }
  }
}

// This record as an MCP resource
alpha://companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc
  • alpha://companies/united-airlines-holdings-incThis record as an MCP resource
  • https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc?format=recordThe same record over HTTP

Subscribe to changes

Agent tier, preview

No public subscription endpoint is published yet. Event delivery is part of Agent tier access, in preview. Access and availability.

  • DIRECTOR_APPOINTEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • EXECUTIVE_APPOINTEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • CEO_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • CFO_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • COMMITTEE_CREATEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • BOARD_CHAIR_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
  • COMMITTEE_CHAIR_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
{
  "specversion": "1.0",
  "type": "ac.alpha.registry.DIRECTOR_APPOINTED",
  "source": "https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc",
  "subject": "alpha:company:6355fc74-6dad-4859-841e-31dcc0b0045e",
  "data": {
    "record_version": "public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce",
    "note": "Subscription delivery is Agent tier, preview. Not yet available publicly."
  }
}

Versions and changes

Open

Records are versioned. Derived governance events on this record are listed below with the version that publishes them. Effective is the world time the derivation states; Recorded is when Alpha detected the event. Content hashes and log entries appear once records are signed.

VersionEffectiveRecordedContent hashLog entryWhat changed
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceApr 7, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedBrian Noyes seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-04-07.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedAndrew Nocella executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedBrandon L. Hart executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedJ. Scott Kirby executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedKate Gebo executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMichael Leskinen executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceFeb 12, 2026Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedTorbjorn (Toby) J. Enqvist executive of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2026-02-12.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2025Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedCaptain Brian Noyes seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2025-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2025Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedPublic Responsibility; ESG committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2025-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2025Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedCaptain Brian Noyes member of Public Responsibility; ESG, effective 2025-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMichelle Freyre seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedRosalind Brewer seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedCompensation; Finance committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedRosalind Brewer member of Compensation; Finance, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedFinance; Public Responsibility; ESG committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2024Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMichelle Freyre member of Finance; Public Responsibility; ESG, effective 2024-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedLynne N. Ward seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMatthew Friend seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedRichard Johnsen seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedAudit; Compensation; Finance committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMatthew Friend member of Audit; Compensation; Finance, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedAudit; Nominating; Governance; Public Responsibility; ESG committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedLynne N. Ward member of Audit; Nominating; Governance; Public Responsibility; ESG, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2021Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedRichard Johnsen member of Public Responsibility; ESG, effective 2021-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2020Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedJ. Scott Kirby seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2020-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2018Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMichele J. Hooper seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2018-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2018Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedAudit; Executive; Nominating; Governance committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2018-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2018Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedMichele J. Hooper member of Audit; Executive; Nominating; Governance, effective 2018-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedBarney Harford seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedEdward L. Shapiro seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedEdward M. Philip seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedEdward M. Philip chairs board United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedJames M. Whitehurst seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedAudit; Finance; Public Responsibility; ESG committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedBarney Harford member of Audit; Finance; Public Responsibility; ESG, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedCompensation; Executive; Nominating; Governance committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedJames M. Whitehurst member of Compensation; Executive; Nominating; Governance, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedExecutive; Nominating; Governance; Audit committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedEdward M. Philip chairs Executive; Nominating; Governance; Audit, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedFinance; Compensation; Executive committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2016Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedEdward L. Shapiro member of Finance; Compensation; Executive, effective 2016-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2006Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedWalter Isaacson seat on United Airlines Holdings, effective 2006-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2006Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedPublic Responsibility; Executive; Nominating; Governance; ESG committee of United Airlines Holdings, effective 2006-01-01.
vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceJan 1, 2006Oct 16, 2026Not yet signedNot yet signedWalter Isaacson member of Public Responsibility; Executive; Nominating; Governance; ESG, effective 2006-01-01.

Access, rights, and the public-role doctrine

Facts are open. Rights travel with every Claim and every Evidence record, so an agent sees the same terms whichever format it reads.

CapabilityAccessAgents
Alpha Disclosure samplepublichuman process
Alpha public websitepublicretrievable now
Alpha Standard, methodology, and researchpublicretrievable now
Alpha Profiles (public executive and company records)publicretrievable now
Public HTTP endpoints described by OpenAPI 3.1publicretrievable now
Alpha MCP public discovery and read-only capabilitiespublicretrievable now
Alpha AI Readiness Evalpublichuman process
Alpha Platformapproved accessrequires approved access
Alpha API (authenticated operations)approved accessrequires approved access
Alpha MCP premium capabilitiesapproved accessrequires approved access
Alpha Evals and verified assessmentscustomhuman process
Alpha Council membershipcustomhuman process
Alpha Institute education, workshops, and coachingcustomhuman process
Governance diagnostics and institutional advisorycustomhuman process

Record limitations. Every representation states these in the same words; nothing is inferred as zero.

  • Absence of a leadership role, committee, or disclosure is not evidence that it does not exist.
  • Only explicitly published canonical company identity and current confirmed public roles are included.
  • Absence of a board, committee, executive, listing, or claim is not evidence that it does not exist.
  • Public retrieval does not grant redistribution, model-training, direct-contact, or relationship-pathfinding rights.
  • This Company Profile is an identity and evidence record, not an Alpha rating.
"rights": {
  "public_retrieval": "allowed",
  "agent_retrieval": "allowed",
  "redistribution": "not_granted",
  "model_training": "not_granted",
  "commercial_use": "not_specified",
  "relationship_pathfinding": "not_granted",
  "direct_contact": "not_granted"
}
"evidence_rights": {
  "evidence_records": 24,
  "redistribution_allowed": 0,
  "restricted_or_unknown": 24,
  "classified_unknown": 24
}
"data_subject": {
  "basis": "public_record",
  "entity": "alpha:company:6355fc74-6dad-4859-841e-31dcc0b0045e",
  "identity_ownership": "unclaimed",
  "rights": {
    "public_retrieval": "allowed",
    "agent_retrieval": "allowed",
    "redistribution": "not_granted",
    "model_training": "not_granted",
    "commercial_use": "not_specified",
    "relationship_pathfinding": "not_granted",
    "direct_contact": "not_granted"
  },
  "requests": "https://www.alpha.ac/contact"
}

How agents find this

Open

The page head and every response carry rel="alternate" links and the Registry's Link header. The list below is generated from the same list the server emits.

Record map and assertion states

SectionAnchorResourceStateClaims
Identity#c-subject/identityPublished0
Corporate structure-/corporate_structureNot reviewed-
Board#c-board/boardPublished14
Committees#c-committees/committeesPublished50
Leadership#c-leadership/leadershipPublished6
Ownership#c-control/ownershipNot reviewed0
Financials#c-financials/financialsNot reviewed2
Capital structure-/capital_structurePublished-
Compensation#c-comp/compensationNot reviewed0
Governance#c-governance/governanceNot reviewed0
Shareholder governance-/shareholder_governanceNot reviewed-
Audit-/auditNot reviewed-
Legal#c-legal/legalNot reviewed0
Risk#c-risk/riskNot reviewed0
Cyber-/cyberNot reviewed-
AI governance#c-ai/ai_governanceNot reviewed0
Agent governance#c-authority/agent_governanceRestricted0
Markets external-/markets_externalPublished-
Events#c-history/eventsPublished44
Relationships#c-links/relationshipsPublished21
Assessments#c-monitor/assessmentsPublished0
Evidence#c-evidence/evidencePublished24
  • corroboratedTwo or more independent sources agree
  • source_reportedOne cited source states it
  • alpha_inferenceAlpha's conclusion, with reasoning
  • not_disclosedSearched, nothing found. Never rendered as false
  • not_reviewedNot yet searched
  • not_registeredNo authority registered with Alpha
Appearance

Alpha Governance PBC. The Registry records reported facts and Alpha's assessments separately. A missing fact is not evidence that it is false.

Record alpha:company:6355fc74-6dad-4859-841e-31dcc0b0045e, version public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce. https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc

Navigate

Agent view

  1. Record status
  2. Read
  3. TrustCheck and Receipts
  4. Connect
  5. Subscribe
  6. History
  7. Access and rights
  8. Discovery
  9. Record map

Linked records

Registry

Appearance

esc
  • Actions
    Switch to human view
  • Copy Alpha IDalpha:company:6355fc74-6dad-4859-841e-31dcc0b0045e
  • Cite this recordUnited Airlines Holdings
  • Copy canonical URLregistry.alpha.ac/companies/united-airlines-holdings-inc
  • Copy as MarkdownWith assertion states
  • Report an error
  • Theme: System
  • Theme: Light
  • Theme: Dark
  • Records
    United Airlines HoldingsCompany
  • Andrew NocellaPerson
  • Brandon L. HartPerson
  • J. Scott KirbyPerson
  • Kate GeboPerson
  • Michael LeskinenPerson
  • Torbjorn (Toby) J. EnqvistPerson
  • Barney HarfordPerson
  • Brian NoyesPerson
  • Captain Brian NoyesPerson
  • Edward L. ShapiroPerson
  • Edward M. PhilipPerson
  • James M. WhitehurstPerson
  • Lynne N. WardPerson
  • Matthew FriendPerson
  • Michele J. HooperPerson
  • Michelle FreyrePerson
  • Richard JohnsenPerson
  • Rosalind BrewerPerson
  • Walter IsaacsonPerson
  • J. Scott KirbyPerson
  • Sections
    OverviewUnited Airlines Holdings
  • MonitoringUnited Airlines Holdings
  • LeadershipUnited Airlines Holdings
  • BoardUnited Airlines Holdings
  • CommitteesUnited Airlines Holdings
  • Control and votingUnited Airlines Holdings
  • Authority to actUnited Airlines Holdings
  • FinancialsUnited Airlines Holdings
  • GovernanceUnited Airlines Holdings
  • RiskUnited Airlines Holdings
↑ ↓ move↵ openThis record only

Report an error

Reports attach to the Claim and go to an Alpha analyst through the correction form. Corrections are versioned, and the original stays in history.