# IBM
> Alpha governed public record. Unknown, unavailable, and unpublished values are never inferred as zero.
## Record
| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Representation | alpha-profile-markdown-v4 |
| Protocol | Alpha Governance Facts Protocol 0.1 |
| Schema | alpha.governance.entity.public.v1 |
| Record version | public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce |
| Governance record representation | alpha-governance-record-v2 |
| Canonical entity | alpha:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b |
| Entity type | Company |
| Canonical URL | https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/ibm |
| Publication | PUBLISHED |
| Verification | source_reported |
| Verification schema | alpha-verification-states-v1 |
| Ownership | unclaimed |
| Published claims | 47 |
| Claims under review | 2 |
| Evidence records | 18 |
| Conflicts | 0 |
| Conflicts in internal review | 0 |
| Observed | 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00 |
| Last reviewed | 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00 |
## Identity
- Legal name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP
- Display name: IBM
## Alpha Governance Record
| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Governance Record schema | alpha-governance-record-v2 |
| Ontology | alpha-governance-ontology-v1 |
| Record version | public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce |
| As of | 2026-10-16T06:32:43.790547+00:00 |
| Completeness | 0.455 |
| Record Quality | 0.826 |
| Directors | 15 |
| Committees | 7 |
| Governance events | 25 |
| Entity class | public_company |
## Section coverage
| Section | State |
| --- | --- |
| identity | PUBLISHED |
| corporate_structure | NOT_REVIEWED |
| board | PUBLISHED |
| committees | PUBLISHED |
| leadership | PUBLISHED |
| ownership | NOT_REVIEWED |
| financials | NOT_REVIEWED |
| capital_structure | PUBLISHED |
| compensation | NOT_REVIEWED |
| governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| shareholder_governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| audit | NOT_REVIEWED |
| legal | NOT_REVIEWED |
| risk | NOT_REVIEWED |
| cyber | NOT_REVIEWED |
| ai_governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| agent_governance | RESTRICTED |
| markets_external | PUBLISHED |
| events | PUBLISHED |
| relationships | PUBLISHED |
| assessments | PUBLISHED |
| evidence | PUBLISHED |
## Board
- Alex Gorsky: Lead Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2014-01-01. Committees: Executive (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:11
- Alfred W. Zollar: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2021-01-01. Committees: Directors and Corporate Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:12
- Andrew N. Liveris: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2010-01-01. Committees: Directors and Corporate Governance (chair); Executive (member); Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:13
- Arvind Krishna: Chair. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2020-01-01. Committees: Executive (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:9
- David N. Farr: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2012-01-01. Committees: Audit (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:14
- F. William McNabb III: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2019-01-01. Committees: Audit (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:15
- Marianne C. Brown: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2023-01-01. Committees: Directors and Corporate Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:16
- Michael Miebach: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2023-01-01. Committees: Executive Compensation and Management Resources (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:17
- Michael Pollack: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2019-01-01. Committees: Executive Compensation and Management Resources (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:18
- Michelle J. Howard: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2019-01-01. Committees: Audit (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:19
- Peter R. Voser: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2015-01-01. Committees: Audit (chair); Executive (member); Executive; Audit · Chair (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:20
- Ramon Laguarta: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2026-01-01. Committees: Directors and Corporate Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:21
- Thomas Buberl: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2020-01-01. Committees: Executive (member); Executive Compensation and Management Resources (chair); Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:22
- Al Zollar: Board Director. Status: unknown. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: NOT_PUBLISHED. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:10
- Frank Baker: Director (committee appointment). Status: unknown. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: NOT_PUBLISHED. Committees: Directors and Corporate Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_record:32
## Committees
- Audit (audit). Chair: Peter R. Voser. Members: Peter R. Voser (chair, current); David N. Farr (member, current); F. William McNabb III (member, current); Michelle J. Howard (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:audit
- Directors and Corporate Governance (nominating_governance). Chair: Andrew N. Liveris. Members: Andrew N. Liveris (chair, current); Alfred W. Zollar (member, current); Frank Baker (member, current); Marianne C. Brown (member, current); Ramon Laguarta (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:directors-and-corporate-governance
- Executive (executive). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Alex Gorsky (member, current); Andrew N. Liveris (member, current); Arvind Krishna (member, current); Peter R. Voser (member, current); Thomas Buberl (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:executive
- Executive Compensation and Management Resources (compensation). Chair: Thomas Buberl. Members: Thomas Buberl (chair, current); Michael Miebach (member, current); Michael Pollack (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:executive-compensation-and-management-resources
- Executive; Audit · Chair (audit). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Peter R. Voser (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:executive-audit-chair
- Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair (nominating_governance). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Andrew N. Liveris (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:executive-directors-and-corporate-governance-chair
- Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair (compensation). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Thomas Buberl (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:ibm:executive-executive-compensation-and-management-resources-chair
## Executive leadership
- Anne Robinson: Senior VP & Chief Legal Officer [GC]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:23
- Arvind Krishna: Chairman, President and CEO [CEO]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:24
- James J. Kavanaugh: Senior VP, F&O & CFO [CFO]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:25
- Robert D. Thomas: Senior VP, Software & Chief Commercial Officer. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:26
## Governance events
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Ramon Laguarta seat on IBM, effective 2026-01-01. Effective: 2026-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1g1m1wnflc20p
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Marianne C. Brown seat on IBM, effective 2023-01-01. Effective: 2023-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:26sylbk3q3pn
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Michael Miebach seat on IBM, effective 2023-01-01. Effective: 2023-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:25ueak1hurwe0
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Michael Miebach member of Executive Compensation and Management Resources, effective 2023-01-01. Effective: 2023-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1rj9rxft4z0ux
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Alfred W. Zollar seat on IBM, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1rl9mjd1ez8tpd
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Alfred W. Zollar member of Directors and Corporate Governance, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1idjqdr6r9323
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Arvind Krishna seat on IBM, effective 2020-01-01. Effective: 2020-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1i27910s8ul0o
- BOARD_CHAIR_CHANGED: Arvind Krishna chairs board IBM, effective 2020-01-01. Effective: 2020-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1e2boc4an1io8
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Thomas Buberl seat on IBM, effective 2020-01-01. Effective: 2020-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:10faunlyw0ssr
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2020-01-01. Effective: 2020-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:pav1uj1og795b
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Thomas Buberl member of Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair, effective 2020-01-01. Effective: 2020-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:7j7ju19rvqql
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: F. William McNabb III seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. Effective: 2019-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:wrsfx81gx3mdk
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Michael Pollack seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. Effective: 2019-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:849y8n1wi66wp
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Michelle J. Howard seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. Effective: 2019-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1v86b0j1m09af5
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Peter R. Voser seat on IBM, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:dev7fl1jru7i3
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Executive; Audit · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1e3mo93b33xhr
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Peter R. Voser member of Executive; Audit · Chair, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:um66fz1ir9vch
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Alex Gorsky seat on IBM, effective 2014-01-01. Effective: 2014-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:sd264bkpov53
- LEAD_DIRECTOR_CHANGED: Alex Gorsky lead independent director of IBM, effective 2014-01-01. Effective: 2014-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1sdkjf31sxhziv
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Alex Gorsky member of Executive, effective 2014-01-01. Effective: 2014-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:2k4gfrjlecd3
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: David N. Farr seat on IBM, effective 2012-01-01. Effective: 2012-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1wara2fb3473n
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: David N. Farr member of Audit, effective 2012-01-01. Effective: 2012-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:vwlbxk1emo6mu
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Andrew N. Liveris seat on IBM, effective 2010-01-01. Effective: 2010-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:5pe9i25u2j60
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2010-01-01. Effective: 2010-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1ag57041bj23bo
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Andrew N. Liveris member of Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair, effective 2010-01-01. Effective: 2010-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:02.848559+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1b29penwx1c4r
## Scoped resources
- `alpha://company/ibm` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record
- `alpha://company/ibm/identity` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=identity
- `alpha://company/ibm/corporate-structure` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=corporate-structure
- `alpha://company/ibm/board` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=board
- `alpha://company/ibm/committees` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=committees
- `alpha://company/ibm/leadership` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=leadership
- `alpha://company/ibm/ownership` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=ownership
- `alpha://company/ibm/financials` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=financials
- `alpha://company/ibm/capital-structure` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=capital-structure
- `alpha://company/ibm/compensation` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=compensation
- `alpha://company/ibm/governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=governance
- `alpha://company/ibm/shareholder-governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=shareholder-governance
- `alpha://company/ibm/audit` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=audit
- `alpha://company/ibm/legal` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=legal
- `alpha://company/ibm/risk` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=risk
- `alpha://company/ibm/cyber` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=cyber
- `alpha://company/ibm/ai-governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=ai-governance
- `alpha://company/ibm/agents` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=agents
- `alpha://company/ibm/ecosystem` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=ecosystem
- `alpha://company/ibm/events` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=events
- `alpha://company/ibm/relationships` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=relationships
- `alpha://company/ibm/assessments` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=assessments
- `alpha://company/ibm/evidence` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record§ion=evidence
## Role modules
- NOT_ASSERTED
## Attention
- NO_RECORDS_FOUND
## Committee data
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:28: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:peter-r-voser","name":"Peter R. Voser"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:29: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:david-n-farr","name":"David N. Farr"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:30: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:f-william-mcnabb-iii","name":"F. William McNabb III"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:31: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:michelle-j-howard","name":"Michelle J. Howard"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:33: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Directors and Corporate Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:andrew-n-liveris","name":"Andrew N. Liveris"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:34: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Directors and Corporate Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:alfred-w-zollar","name":"Alfred W. Zollar"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:35: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Directors and Corporate Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:frank-baker","name":"Frank Baker"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:36: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Directors and Corporate Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:marianne-c-brown","name":"Marianne C. Brown"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:37: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Directors and Corporate Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:ramon-laguarta","name":"Ramon Laguarta"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:39: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:alex-gorsky","name":"Alex Gorsky"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:40: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:andrew-n-liveris","name":"Andrew N. Liveris"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:41: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:arvind-krishna","name":"Arvind Krishna"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:42: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:peter-r-voser","name":"Peter R. Voser"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:43: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:thomas-buberl","name":"Thomas Buberl"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:45: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive Compensation and Management Resources","category":"compensation","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:thomas-buberl","name":"Thomas Buberl"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:46: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive Compensation and Management Resources","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:michael-miebach","name":"Michael Miebach"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:47: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive Compensation and Management Resources","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:martha-e-pollack","name":"Michael Pollack"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
## Leadership
- Arvind Krishna: Chair, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:9. Valid from: 2020-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:fa54975f8270abf4e41006d1d0e69379a9edfcb1cc999cef6f1adb6662d46163.
- Al Zollar: Board Director. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:10. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:86d57d296604229fcdcb1a2016a1818e91b8870aaf28d90c1318a334f421f368.
- Alex Gorsky: Lead Independent Director, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:11. Valid from: 2014-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:c6f3cc9cd675b447b7ed207d4dfc6572daceade8178bd83392cd64efbbf8c1a2.
- Alfred W. Zollar: Director, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:12. Valid from: 2021-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:6f11bf4586f6bf605afa0b971ee03864f9a71c00927c0081dcc906c396ba4cbb.
- Andrew N. Liveris: Director, Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:13. Valid from: 2010-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:126ac490cdb65bd8214487df5470c64a91cc9147dafc3fb6042494137c48bdf8.
- David N. Farr: Director, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:14. Valid from: 2012-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:a4e45a9e90602c943f34f62c60887bf9df35c0371d04912434681972bb44375f.
- F. William McNabb III: Director, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:15. Valid from: 2019-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:46a9d341ed14bf2877d2045a573ad7533391b875a2bca8a4efb4fe83a1a777d6.
- Marianne C. Brown: Director, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:16. Valid from: 2023-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:ca0fa39ba216ccca741bef11b9a184b3f3babd88c0bb4712c70678ade20090a5.
- Michael Miebach: Director, Executive Compensation and Management Resources. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:17. Valid from: 2023-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:b018ca98330a3e373f508611b29de8d710d445c30fbe236a11fd7e43d0d868ad.
- Michael Pollack: Director, Executive Compensation and Management Resources. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:18. Valid from: 2019-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:b863d5426a17c26ea2a154f6554b53e029a267ff80fb120ccb7c8b6195279ef4.
- Michelle J. Howard: Director, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:19. Valid from: 2019-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:3ef868b2f0dcc2330564eb1788a1df08b73b43431d21f96df9488e8ce680a243.
- Peter R. Voser: Director, Executive; Audit · Chair. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:20. Valid from: 2015-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:40a45a72157e388e91c8178d28bafea039cd39a9b7c181bc2ad38baad02e8628.
- Ramon Laguarta: Director, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:21. Valid from: 2026-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:bca9b2ba287e2a7ed2c24c1fefe733f6d1f8aed109a7f7a571a40794455df73f.
- Thomas Buberl: Director, Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:22. Valid from: 2020-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:ad4938e660d9d2f4de6f91cbd5aef13adf463d7a9c4f5753414ed2b060fdbcc3.
- Anne Robinson: Senior VP & Chief Legal Officer. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:23. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:069a8fd4f60f4623f684423ce441f7b477b7b4a8adca6cf150440f6ec0f9a606.
- Arvind Krishna: Chairman, President and CEO. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:24. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:069a8fd4f60f4623f684423ce441f7b477b7b4a8adca6cf150440f6ec0f9a606.
- James J. Kavanaugh: Senior VP, F&O & CFO. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:25. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:069a8fd4f60f4623f684423ce441f7b477b7b4a8adca6cf150440f6ec0f9a606.
- Robert D. Thomas: Senior VP, Software & Chief Commercial Officer. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:leadership_role:26. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:069a8fd4f60f4623f684423ce441f7b477b7b4a8adca6cf150440f6ec0f9a606.
## Roles
- PUBLISHED
## Governance
- NOT_ASSERTED
## Board committees
- Audit: Chair Peter R. Voser; Members Peter R. Voser (Chair); David N. Farr; F. William McNabb III; Michelle J. Howard. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_record:27. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Directors and Corporate Governance: Chair Andrew N. Liveris; Members Andrew N. Liveris (Chair); Alfred W. Zollar; Frank Baker; Marianne C. Brown; Ramon Laguarta. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_record:32. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Executive: Chair not stated; Members Alex Gorsky; Andrew N. Liveris; Arvind Krishna; Peter R. Voser; Thomas Buberl. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_record:38. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Executive Compensation and Management Resources: Chair Thomas Buberl; Members Thomas Buberl (Chair); Michael Miebach; Michael Pollack. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_record:44. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
## Financials
- NOT_ASSERTED
## Workforce
- NOT_ASSERTED
## Market and index context
- S&P 500 (SPX). Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:index_membership:48. Valid from: 1957-03-04. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:827a22a1567eda11fa866650563f33918ee2975144378fa7fd6f46399da5427a.
## Legal Name
- INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:legal_name:1. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
## Entity Status
- Public listing published. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:entity_status:3. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
## Published Fact
- US. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:published_fact:5. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
- NY. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:published_fact:6. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
- Technology. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:published_fact:7. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
- Information Technology Services. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:published_fact:8. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
## Committee Appointment
- Peter R. Voser: chair, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:28. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- David N. Farr: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:29. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- F. William McNabb III: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:30. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Michelle J. Howard: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:31. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Andrew N. Liveris: chair, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:33. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Alfred W. Zollar: member, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:34. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Frank Baker: member, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:35. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Marianne C. Brown: member, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:36. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Ramon Laguarta: member, Directors and Corporate Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:37. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Alex Gorsky: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:39. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Andrew N. Liveris: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:40. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Arvind Krishna: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:41. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Peter R. Voser: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:42. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Thomas Buberl: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:43. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Thomas Buberl: chair, Executive Compensation and Management Resources. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:45. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Michael Miebach: member, Executive Compensation and Management Resources. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:46. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
- Michael Pollack: member, Executive Compensation and Management Resources. Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:committee_appointment:47. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50.
## Security Listing
- IBM (NYSE). Claim: alpha:claim:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b:security_listing:49. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18.
## Coverage states
| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Identity | PUBLISHED |
| Business | PUBLISHED |
| Leadership | PUBLISHED |
| Board and committees | PUBLISHED |
| Governance | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Financials | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Workforce | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Ownership | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Ratings | NOT_PUBLISHED |
| Market and index context | PUBLISHED |
## Public sources
- alpha:projection-evidence:aee33d0b50379a9e38651e6e0567950460a113928050d8b17e16e2d74392de18: [Alpha canonical company public projection](https://www.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:fa54975f8270abf4e41006d1d0e69379a9edfcb1cc999cef6f1adb6662d46163: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:86d57d296604229fcdcb1a2016a1818e91b8870aaf28d90c1318a334f421f368: [Alpha Agentic Economy Summit confirmed speaker record](https://www.alpha.ac/events/AlphaSummit26).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:c6f3cc9cd675b447b7ed207d4dfc6572daceade8178bd83392cd64efbbf8c1a2: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:6f11bf4586f6bf605afa0b971ee03864f9a71c00927c0081dcc906c396ba4cbb: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:126ac490cdb65bd8214487df5470c64a91cc9147dafc3fb6042494137c48bdf8: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:a4e45a9e90602c943f34f62c60887bf9df35c0371d04912434681972bb44375f: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:46a9d341ed14bf2877d2045a573ad7533391b875a2bca8a4efb4fe83a1a777d6: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:ca0fa39ba216ccca741bef11b9a184b3f3babd88c0bb4712c70678ade20090a5: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:b018ca98330a3e373f508611b29de8d710d445c30fbe236a11fd7e43d0d868ad: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:b863d5426a17c26ea2a154f6554b53e029a267ff80fb120ccb7c8b6195279ef4: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:3ef868b2f0dcc2330564eb1788a1df08b73b43431d21f96df9488e8ce680a243: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:40a45a72157e388e91c8178d28bafea039cd39a9b7c181bc2ad38baad02e8628: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:bca9b2ba287e2a7ed2c24c1fefe733f6d1f8aed109a7f7a571a40794455df73f: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:ad4938e660d9d2f4de6f91cbd5aef13adf463d7a9c4f5753414ed2b060fdbcc3: [IBM director board source](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:069a8fd4f60f4623f684423ce441f7b477b7b4a8adca6cf150440f6ec0f9a606: [SEC DEF 14A 0000051143-26-000025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:56c449e6ac0a369ab2628e09bc42a2f046ceb01cad612b74ca02245e0c66db50: [Audit](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51143/000005114326000025/ibm-20260306.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:827a22a1567eda11fa866650563f33918ee2975144378fa7fd6f46399da5427a: [S&P 500](https://www.slickcharts.com/sp500).
## Rights
| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| public_retrieval | allowed |
| agent_retrieval | allowed |
| redistribution | not_granted |
| model_training | not_granted |
| commercial_use | not_specified |
| relationship_pathfinding | not_granted |
| direct_contact | not_granted |
## Limitations
- Absence of a leadership role, committee, or disclosure is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Only explicitly published canonical company identity and current confirmed public roles are included.
- Absence of a board, committee, executive, listing, or claim is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Public retrieval does not grant redistribution, model-training, direct-contact, or relationship-pathfinding rights.
- This Company Profile is an identity and evidence record, not an Alpha rating.
## Alternate representations
- [Canonical profile](https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/ibm)
- [Public Markdown](https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/ibm.md)
- [Public JSON](https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=record)
- [JSON-LD](https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=jsonld)
- MCP resource: `alpha://companies/ibm` at https://mcp.alpha.ac/mcp
## Connected governance records
Only explicitly published, rights-cleared records. Missing records do not establish absence, safety, or complete coverage.
## Critical-risk oversight
Snapshot as of 2026-10-16T06:32:43.545657+00:00; recorded 2026-10-16T06:32:43.545657+00:00. Every published assignment for this snapshot is listed.
Only explicitly reviewed, rights-cleared assignments in effect on the as-of date, in the company's own wording.
An assignment shows where oversight is placed, not whether it is effective. Missing records do not establish absence.IBM, for agents
The same record as the human view, as a structured object any agent can read and cite. Reading is open to every agent, model, and tool, with no key and no account. Signing and transparency logging are not yet published for this record.
- Alpha ID
- alpha:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b
- Version
- vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ceRecorded Oct 16, 2026
- Content hash
- Not yet signed
- Signature
- Not yet signed
- Transparency log
- Not yet signed
- Freshness
- ObservedChecked Oct 16, 2026. Reviewed Oct 16, 2026
- Read access
- OpenNo key for public retrieval
- Processing basis
- Public recordDoctrine
Read
OpenOne canonical URL. The Accept header or a file suffix selects the format. Every format renders the same Claims and carries the same record version.
curl -H "Accept: application/json" https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/ibmTrustCheck and Governance Receipts
Agent tierIllustrative. TrustChecks run in the private enterprise overlay. The example below is generated for this entity class and does not reference this record. Contract: TrustCheck and Governance Receipts v0.1.
Agents about to act ask a question, not for a document. A TrustCheck evaluates the AuthorityGrant objects behind a proposed action and returns allow, deny, require_approval, or insufficient_evidence. The source system acts, and a GovernanceReceipt records what the agent relied on.
- allow, deny
- The AuthorityGrant and policy decide. Reason codes name the rule.
- require_approval
- An entitled human records the decision. Customer policy sets the threshold, never an Eval.
- insufficient_evidence
- No authority is registered. Alpha never infers permission to act.
curl https://www.alpha.ac/v1/action-intents \
-H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-b "$ALPHA_SESSION_COOKIE" \
-d '{
"schema_version": "2026-08-29",
"environment": "test",
"actor": { "alpha_id": "alpha:account:self", "type": "alpha_account" },
"principal": { "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer", "type": "organization" },
"organization": { "alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer", "type": "organization" },
"proposed_action": { "type": "purchase_order.commit", "description": "Accept an order placed by an agent claiming company authority." },
"requested_authority": ["purchase_order.commit"]
}'
# then
curl https://www.alpha.ac/v1/trust-checks -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-b "$ALPHA_SESSION_COOKIE" -d '{ "action_intent_id": "<from the previous response>" }'{
"schema_version": "2026-08-29",
"trust_check_id": "alpha:trust-check:illustrative-0001",
"decision": "insufficient_evidence",
"explanation": "No AuthorityGrant names this agent and organization.",
"reason_codes": [
"authority_grant_missing"
],
"evaluated_authority": {
"authority_grants": []
},
"policy_version": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
"integrity_state": "recorded",
"limitations": [
"Illustrative example. No TrustCheck was run for this record."
]
}{
"schema_version": "2026-08-29",
"receipt_id": "alpha:receipt:illustrative-0001",
"environment": "test",
"actor": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:account:self",
"type": "alpha_account"
},
"agent": {
"provider": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-agent-provider",
"type": "provider"
},
"product": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:agent-product:example-procurement-agent",
"type": "agent_product"
},
"deployment": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:agent-deployment:example-deployment",
"type": "agent_deployment"
},
"use_case": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:agent-use-case:example-purchase-order",
"type": "agent_use_case"
},
"workflow": "Illustrative purchase order commitment"
},
"principal": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer",
"type": "organization"
},
"sponsor": {
"alpha_id": "alpha:company:example-issuer",
"type": "organization"
},
"action_intent_id": "alpha:action-intent:illustrative-0001",
"trust_check_id": "alpha:trust-check:illustrative-0001",
"authority_grant_references": [],
"action_intent": {
"type": "purchase_order.commit"
},
"affected_alpha_ids": [
"alpha:company:example-issuer"
],
"trust_check_decision": "insufficient_evidence",
"policy_version": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
"rule_references": [
{
"reason_code": "authority_grant_missing",
"rule_id": "trustcheck.authority_grant_missing",
"policy_ref": "trustcheck.registry-claim.test.v0.1",
"control_ref": null,
"grant_policy_references": []
}
],
"integrity": "Illustrative. Not issued, not signed."
}Connect
Open readEvery surface reads the same published record. No surface holds its own copy of the facts.
// claude_desktop_config.json, Cursor, or any MCP client
{
"mcpServers": {
"alpha": { "url": "https://mcp.alpha.ac/mcp" }
}
}
// This record as an MCP resource
alpha://companies/ibmalpha://companies/ibmThis record as an MCP resourcehttps://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/ibm?format=recordThe same record over HTTP
Subscribe to changes
Agent tier, previewNo public subscription endpoint is published yet. Event delivery is part of Agent tier access, in preview. Access and availability.
DIRECTOR_APPOINTEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)BOARD_CHAIR_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)COMMITTEE_CREATEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)LEAD_DIRECTOR_CHANGEDDerived governance event published on this record (alpha-governance-event-derivation-v2)
{
"specversion": "1.0",
"type": "ac.alpha.registry.DIRECTOR_APPOINTED",
"source": "https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/ibm",
"subject": "alpha:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b",
"data": {
"record_version": "public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce",
"note": "Subscription delivery is Agent tier, preview. Not yet available publicly."
}
}Versions and changes
OpenRecords are versioned. Derived governance events on this record are listed below with the version that publishes them. Effective is the world time the derivation states; Recorded is when Alpha detected the event. Content hashes and log entries appear once records are signed.
| Version | Effective | Recorded | Content hash | Log entry | What changed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2026 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Ramon Laguarta seat on IBM, effective 2026-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2023 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Marianne C. Brown seat on IBM, effective 2023-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2023 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Michael Miebach seat on IBM, effective 2023-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2023 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Michael Miebach member of Executive Compensation and Management Resources, effective 2023-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2021 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Alfred W. Zollar seat on IBM, effective 2021-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2021 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Alfred W. Zollar member of Directors and Corporate Governance, effective 2021-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2020 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Arvind Krishna seat on IBM, effective 2020-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2020 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Arvind Krishna chairs board IBM, effective 2020-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2020 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Thomas Buberl seat on IBM, effective 2020-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2020 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2020-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2020 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Thomas Buberl member of Executive; Executive Compensation and Management Resources · Chair, effective 2020-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2019 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | F. William McNabb III seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2019 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Michael Pollack seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2019 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Michelle J. Howard seat on IBM, effective 2019-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2015 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Peter R. Voser seat on IBM, effective 2015-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2015 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Executive; Audit · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2015-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2015 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Peter R. Voser member of Executive; Audit · Chair, effective 2015-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2014 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Alex Gorsky seat on IBM, effective 2014-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2014 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Alex Gorsky lead independent director of IBM, effective 2014-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2014 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Alex Gorsky member of Executive, effective 2014-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2012 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | David N. Farr seat on IBM, effective 2012-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2012 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | David N. Farr member of Audit, effective 2012-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2010 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Andrew N. Liveris seat on IBM, effective 2010-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2010 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair committee of IBM, effective 2010-01-01. |
| vpublic-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce | Jan 1, 2010 | Oct 16, 2026 | Not yet signed | Not yet signed | Andrew N. Liveris member of Executive; Directors and Corporate Governance · Chair, effective 2010-01-01. |
Access, rights, and the public-role doctrine
Facts are open. Rights travel with every Claim and every Evidence record, so an agent sees the same terms whichever format it reads.
| Capability | Access | Agents |
|---|---|---|
| Alpha Disclosure sample | public | human process |
| Alpha public website | public | retrievable now |
| Alpha Standard, methodology, and research | public | retrievable now |
| Alpha Profiles (public executive and company records) | public | retrievable now |
| Public HTTP endpoints described by OpenAPI 3.1 | public | retrievable now |
| Alpha MCP public discovery and read-only capabilities | public | retrievable now |
| Alpha AI Readiness Eval | public | human process |
| Alpha Platform | approved access | requires approved access |
| Alpha API (authenticated operations) | approved access | requires approved access |
| Alpha MCP premium capabilities | approved access | requires approved access |
| Alpha Evals and verified assessments | custom | human process |
| Alpha Council membership | custom | human process |
| Alpha Institute education, workshops, and coaching | custom | human process |
| Governance diagnostics and institutional advisory | custom | human process |
Record limitations. Every representation states these in the same words; nothing is inferred as zero.
- Absence of a leadership role, committee, or disclosure is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Only explicitly published canonical company identity and current confirmed public roles are included.
- Absence of a board, committee, executive, listing, or claim is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Public retrieval does not grant redistribution, model-training, direct-contact, or relationship-pathfinding rights.
- This Company Profile is an identity and evidence record, not an Alpha rating.
"rights": {
"public_retrieval": "allowed",
"agent_retrieval": "allowed",
"redistribution": "not_granted",
"model_training": "not_granted",
"commercial_use": "not_specified",
"relationship_pathfinding": "not_granted",
"direct_contact": "not_granted"
}
"evidence_rights": {
"evidence_records": 18,
"redistribution_allowed": 0,
"restricted_or_unknown": 18,
"classified_unknown": 18
}"data_subject": {
"basis": "public_record",
"entity": "alpha:company:aae1b4ac-a687-4678-9827-4ac0dc08ca0b",
"identity_ownership": "unclaimed",
"rights": {
"public_retrieval": "allowed",
"agent_retrieval": "allowed",
"redistribution": "not_granted",
"model_training": "not_granted",
"commercial_use": "not_specified",
"relationship_pathfinding": "not_granted",
"direct_contact": "not_granted"
},
"requests": "https://www.alpha.ac/contact"
}How agents find this
OpenThe page head and every response carry rel="alternate" links and the Registry's Link header. The list below is generated from the same list the server emits.
/.well-known/ai-catalog.jsonAlpha Agentic Resource Discovery manifest/.well-known/api-catalogapi-catalog/.well-known/webmcp.jsonAlpha WebMCP tool discovery/openapi.jsonAlpha Governance Public Intelligence API (OpenAPI 3.1)/apiAlpha Intelligence API/developersAlpha Governance Developer Platform/docs/trustcheck-receipts-v01.mdTrustCheck and Governance Receipts v0.1 test preview/docs/apiAlpha service documentation/llms.txtAlpha service docs for AI agents/agents.mdAlpha agent instructions (when to use Alpha)/api-versioning.mdAlpha public API versioning and deprecation policy/.well-known/agent-skills/index.jsonAgent Skills Index/products/accessAlpha Access and Availability/api/public/product-accessAlpha Product Access and Availability JSON/api/public/auth-capabilitiesAlpha Authentication Capabilities JSON/peopleAlpha Executive Profiles/companiesAlpha Company Profiles/people/readinessAlpha Profile Coverage and Agent Readiness/api/public/profile-readinessAlpha Public Profile Readiness JSON/api/public/profiles/steven-wolfe-pereiraAlpha Public Profile JSON Example/.well-known/agent-card.jsonA2A Agent Card/.well-known/mcp/server-card.jsonMCP Server Card/.well-known/openid-configurationOpenID Configuration/.well-known/oauth-protected-resourceOAuth Protected Resource/.well-known/oauth-authorization-serverOAuth Authorization Server (agent_auth)/.well-known/agent-registrationAgent Registration/.well-known/http-message-signatures-directoryhttp-message-signatures-directory/.well-known/jwks-rotationJWKS Rotation Policy/auth.mdAgent Authentication/llms.txtSite overview for AI agents/sitemap.xmlsitemap/api/public/agent-readinessAgent Readiness Status/api/public/company-report/osw-market-dataOSW Market Data Verification
Record map and assertion states
| Section | Anchor | Resource | State | Claims |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identity | #c-subject | /identity | Published | 0 |
| Corporate structure | - | /corporate_structure | Not reviewed | - |
| Board | #c-board | /board | Published | 14 |
| Committees | #c-committees | /committees | Published | 21 |
| Leadership | #c-leadership | /leadership | Published | 4 |
| Ownership | #c-control | /ownership | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Financials | #c-financials | /financials | Not reviewed | 2 |
| Capital structure | - | /capital_structure | Published | - |
| Compensation | #c-comp | /compensation | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Governance | #c-governance | /governance | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Shareholder governance | - | /shareholder_governance | Not reviewed | - |
| Audit | - | /audit | Not reviewed | - |
| Legal | #c-legal | /legal | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Risk | #c-risk | /risk | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Cyber | - | /cyber | Not reviewed | - |
| AI governance | #c-ai | /ai_governance | Not reviewed | 0 |
| Agent governance | #c-authority | /agent_governance | Restricted | 0 |
| Markets external | - | /markets_external | Published | - |
| Events | #c-history | /events | Published | 25 |
| Relationships | #c-links | /relationships | Published | 19 |
| Assessments | #c-monitor | /assessments | Published | 0 |
| Evidence | #c-evidence | /evidence | Published | 18 |
- corroboratedTwo or more independent sources agree
- source_reportedOne cited source states it
- alpha_inferenceAlpha's conclusion, with reasoning
- not_disclosedSearched, nothing found. Never rendered as false
- not_reviewedNot yet searched
- not_registeredNo authority registered with Alpha



