# Standards inform governance. Scope determines applicability. An Observatory reading guide to primary sources, with clear separation between law, standards and recommendations. ## Read the original source Check the issuing organization, edition, publication date, jurisdiction and current amendments. Licensed standards require appropriate access; a public summary is not a substitute for the full instrument. ## Review the mapping Control mappings require named reviewers, evidence expectations and an applicability decision. Crosswalks remain research candidates until approved. No one-to-one equivalence is assumed. ## Track change A changed source requires a new version and impact review. Preserve prior mappings and assessment versions rather than rewriting historical conclusions. ## NIST AI RMF Organizational AI risk management. Source: https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework NIST; version 1.0; publication 2023-01-26; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## NIST AI 600-1, Generative AI Profile Risk management considerations for generative AI. Source: https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.AI.600-1 NIST; version AI 600-1; publication 2024-07-26; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## ISO/IEC 42001 AI management systems. Restricted standard text; link and metadata only. Source: https://www.iso.org/standard/42001 ISO / IEC; version 2023; publication 2023-12; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## ISO/IEC 23894 AI risk management guidance. Restricted standard text; link and metadata only. Source: https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/82914 ISO / IEC; version 2023; publication 2023-02-06; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## OECD AI Principles Trustworthy AI principles. Check the current recommendation and revisions. Source: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/news/press-releases/2024/05/oecd-updates-ai-principles-to-stay-abreast-of-rapid-technological-developments.html OECD; version 2024 revision; publication 2024-05-03; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## UNESCO Recommendation on AI Ethics Recommendation adopted on 23 November 2021. Ethical and human-rights considerations for AI governance. Source: https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence UNESCO; version 2021 recommendation; publication 2021-11-23; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## EU AI Act Applicability depends on role, system and current amended legal text. Legal review required. Source: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj European Union; version unknown; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## Council of Europe Framework Convention on AI Opened for signature on 5 September 2024. Party status, entry into force and domestic implementation require separate review. Source: https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/the-framework-convention-on-artificial-intelligence Council of Europe; version CETS No. 225; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## FSB Responsible AI adoption practices Twelve sound practices for responsible AI adoption by financial institutions. Final report following the June 2026 consultation. Source: https://www.fsb.org/2026/10/sound-practices-for-responsible-adoption-of-artificial-intelligence-ai-final-report/ Financial Stability Board; version Final report; publication 2026-10-15; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## Singapore Model AI Governance Framework Organizational governance guidance; confirm applicable edition. Source: https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/help-and-resources/2020/01/model-ai-governance-framework IMDA / PDPC; version unknown; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## Singapore agentic AI framework Updated agentic AI governance framework announced on 20 May 2026. Applicability and control mappings remain subject to review. Source: https://www.imda.gov.sg/resources/press-releases-factsheets-and-speeches/updated-model-ai-governance-framework-for-agentic-ai IMDA; version May 2026 update; publication 2026-05-20; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## IEEE 7000 Ethical concerns in system design. Licensed text is not reproduced. Source: https://standards.ieee.org/standard/7000-2021.html IEEE; version 2021; publication 2021-09-15; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## OWASP LLM / GenAI Top 10 LLM application security risks. Exact publication date remains unconfirmed. Source: https://genai.owasp.org/resource/owasp-genai-llm-top-10-2026/ OWASP; version 2026; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applications Agentic application security risks. Source: https://genai.owasp.org/resource/owasp-top-10-for-agentic-applications-for-2026/ OWASP; version 2026; publication 2025-12-09; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## MITRE ATLAS Adversarial threats to AI systems. A living resource rather than a fixed certification standard. Source: https://atlas.mitre.org/ MITRE; version unknown; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## MIT AI Risk Repository A research resource for describing AI risks, not a measure of incident prevalence. Source: https://airisk.mit.edu/ MIT AI Risk Initiative; version unknown; publication unknown; editorial review pending. Metadata and original summary only; no full-text ingestion ## Explore - [Responsible AI Observatory](/responsible-ai) - [Standards inform governance. Scope determines applicability.](/responsible-ai/standards) - [Research that makes governance examinable.](/responsible-ai/research) - [Make risk accountable.](/responsible-ai/risks) - [Build judgment before the consequential decision.](/responsible-ai/board-education) - [Make the method visible.](/responsible-ai/methodology) - [Comparable evidence comes before comparison.](/responsible-ai/benchmarks)