# Roper Technologies

> Alpha governed public record. Unknown, unavailable, and unpublished values are never inferred as zero.

## Record

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Representation | alpha-profile-markdown-v4 |
| Protocol | Alpha Governance Facts Protocol 0.1 |
| Schema | alpha.governance.entity.public.v1 |
| Record version | public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce |
| Governance record representation | alpha-governance-record-v2 |
| Canonical entity | alpha:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b |
| Entity type | Company |
| Canonical URL | https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/roper-technologies-inc |
| Publication | PUBLISHED |
| Verification | source_reported |
| Verification schema | alpha-verification-states-v1 |
| Ownership | unclaimed |
| Published claims | 44 |
| Claims under review | 1 |
| Evidence records | 10 |
| Conflicts | 0 |
| Conflicts in internal review | 0 |
| Observed | 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00 |
| Last reviewed | 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00 |

## Identity

- Legal name: ROPER TECHNOLOGIES INC
- Display name: Roper Technologies

## Alpha Governance Record

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Governance Record schema | alpha-governance-record-v2 |
| Ontology | alpha-governance-ontology-v1 |
| Record version | public-1:d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce:ro-d751713988987e9331980363e24189ce |
| As of | 2026-10-16T06:31:40.672657+00:00 |
| Completeness | 0.455 |
| Record Quality | 0.818 |
| Directors | 10 |
| Committees | 11 |
| Governance events | 27 |
| Entity class | public_company |

## Section coverage

| Section | State |
| --- | --- |
| identity | PUBLISHED |
| corporate_structure | NOT_REVIEWED |
| board | PUBLISHED |
| committees | PUBLISHED |
| leadership | PUBLISHED |
| ownership | NOT_REVIEWED |
| financials | NOT_REVIEWED |
| capital_structure | PUBLISHED |
| compensation | NOT_REVIEWED |
| governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| shareholder_governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| audit | NOT_REVIEWED |
| legal | NOT_REVIEWED |
| risk | NOT_REVIEWED |
| cyber | NOT_REVIEWED |
| ai_governance | NOT_REVIEWED |
| agent_governance | RESTRICTED |
| markets_external | PUBLISHED |
| events | PUBLISHED |
| relationships | PUBLISHED |
| assessments | PUBLISHED |
| evidence | PUBLISHED |

## Board

- Abhijit Dubey: Director. Status: current. Independent: NOT_PUBLISHED. Since: 2026-10-01. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:11
- Amy Woods Brinkley: Chair. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2015-01-01. Committees: Compensation (member); Compensation; Nominating and Governance; Executive (chair); Executive (member); Nominating and Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:9
- Irene M. Esteves: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2021-01-01. Committees: Audit (member); Audit; Nominating and Governance (member); Nominating and Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:12
- John F. Murphy: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2024-01-01. Committees: Audit (member); Audit; Compensation (member); Compensation (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:13
- L. Neil Hunn: Director. Status: current. Independent: false. Since: 2018-01-01. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:14
- Laura G. Thatcher: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2015-01-01. Committees: Compensation (chair); Compensation · Chair; Executive (member); Executive (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:15
- Richard F. Wallman: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2007-01-01. Committees: Audit (chair); Audit · Chair; Executive (member); Executive (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:16
- Robert D. Johnson: Chair. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2005-01-01. Committees: Compensation (member); Compensation; Nominating and Governance (chair); Nominating and Governance (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:10
- Shellye L. Archambeau: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2018-01-01. Committees: Executive (member); Nominating and Governance (chair); Nominating and Governance · Chair; Executive (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:17
- Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.: Independent Director. Status: current. Independent: true. Since: 2021-01-01. Committees: Audit (member); Audit; Compensation (member); Compensation (member). claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:18

## Committees

- Audit (audit). Chair: Richard F. Wallman. Members: Richard F. Wallman (chair, current); Irene M. Esteves (member, current); John F. Murphy (member, current); Thomas P. Joyce, Jr. (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:audit
- Audit · Chair; Executive (audit). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Richard F. Wallman (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:audit-chair-executive
- Audit; Compensation (audit). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: John F. Murphy (member, current); Thomas P. Joyce, Jr. (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:audit-compensation
- Audit; Nominating and Governance (audit). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Irene M. Esteves (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:audit-nominating-and-governance
- Compensation (compensation). Chair: Laura G. Thatcher. Members: Laura G. Thatcher (chair, current); Amy Woods Brinkley (member, current); John F. Murphy (member, current); Robert D. Johnson (member, current); Thomas P. Joyce, Jr. (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:compensation
- Compensation · Chair; Executive (compensation). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Laura G. Thatcher (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:compensation-chair-executive
- Compensation; Nominating and Governance (compensation). Chair: Robert D. Johnson. Members: Robert D. Johnson (chair, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:compensation-nominating-and-governance
- Compensation; Nominating and Governance; Executive (compensation). Chair: Amy Woods Brinkley. Members: Amy Woods Brinkley (chair, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:compensation-nominating-and-governance-executive
- Executive (executive). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Amy Woods Brinkley (member, current); Laura G. Thatcher (member, current); Richard F. Wallman (member, current); Shellye L. Archambeau (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:executive
- Nominating and Governance (nominating_governance). Chair: Shellye L. Archambeau. Members: Shellye L. Archambeau (chair, current); Amy Woods Brinkley (member, current); Irene M. Esteves (member, current); Robert D. Johnson (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:nominating-and-governance
- Nominating and Governance · Chair; Executive (nominating_governance). Chair: NOT_PUBLISHED. Members: Shellye L. Archambeau (member, current). committee_id=alpha:committee:roper-technologies-inc:nominating-and-governance-chair-executive

## Executive leadership

- Jason Conley: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer [CFO]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:19
- John K. Stipancich: Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary [GC]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:20
- L. Neil Hunn: President and Chief Executive Officer [CEO]. Status: unknown. claim_id=alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:21

## Governance events

- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Abhijit Dubey seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2026-10-01. Effective: 2026-10-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:14q0m361p3ngp2
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: John F. Murphy seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2024-01-01. Effective: 2024-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:168rbrc163yup4
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Audit; Compensation committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2024-01-01. Effective: 2024-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:y2m7tk1a2gc5s
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: John F. Murphy member of Audit; Compensation, effective 2024-01-01. Effective: 2024-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1w6fopo13bbu9i
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Irene M. Esteves seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:rnxf2m1fyh8t4
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Thomas P. Joyce, Jr. seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:15su3t81hl35k2
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Thomas P. Joyce, Jr. member of Audit; Compensation, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:l499qk19fnnxw
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Audit; Nominating and Governance committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:107m5za6vg9fk
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Irene M. Esteves member of Audit; Nominating and Governance, effective 2021-01-01. Effective: 2021-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:ep2a7l1d1ahah
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: L. Neil Hunn seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2018-01-01. Effective: 2018-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1kdqvywqg7o28
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Shellye L. Archambeau seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2018-01-01. Effective: 2018-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1s53h6xp8ve47
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Nominating and Governance · Chair; Executive committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2018-01-01. Effective: 2018-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1dpkuz51o2zogv
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Shellye L. Archambeau member of Nominating and Governance · Chair; Executive, effective 2018-01-01. Effective: 2018-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:eivz1f1ekgk7
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Amy Woods Brinkley seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:94lquz1oihbi5
- BOARD_CHAIR_CHANGED: Amy Woods Brinkley chairs board Roper Technologies, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:8974pxv0lbyh
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Laura G. Thatcher seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1kn2chunugksw
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Compensation · Chair; Executive committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:ezhojaejx47c
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Laura G. Thatcher member of Compensation · Chair; Executive, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1r45m951a6x9pv
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Compensation; Nominating and Governance; Executive committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1js8wqhomb1j5
- COMMITTEE_CHAIR_CHANGED: Amy Woods Brinkley chairs Compensation; Nominating and Governance; Executive, effective 2015-01-01. Effective: 2015-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1knq448lcss48
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Richard F. Wallman seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2007-01-01. Effective: 2007-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:3j3dsejfetm0
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Audit · Chair; Executive committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2007-01-01. Effective: 2007-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:v4wvycke8o8s
- COMMITTEE_MEMBER_ADDED: Richard F. Wallman member of Audit · Chair; Executive, effective 2007-01-01. Effective: 2007-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:tyvvhmmfin7i
- DIRECTOR_APPOINTED: Robert D. Johnson seat on Roper Technologies, effective 2005-01-01. Effective: 2005-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:10w4ximdhbpt8
- BOARD_CHAIR_CHANGED: Robert D. Johnson chairs board Roper Technologies, effective 2005-01-01. Effective: 2005-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:tebg501wdoii8
- COMMITTEE_CREATED: Compensation; Nominating and Governance committee of Roper Technologies, effective 2005-01-01. Effective: 2005-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1uva0w83qq0fk
- COMMITTEE_CHAIR_CHANGED: Robert D. Johnson chairs Compensation; Nominating and Governance, effective 2005-01-01. Effective: 2005-01-01. Detected: 2026-10-16T04:45:23.789286+00:00. event_id=alpha:event:transition:1skr4lk1uhuvwc

## Scoped resources

- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/identity` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=identity
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/corporate-structure` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=corporate-structure
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/board` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=board
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/committees` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=committees
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/leadership` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=leadership
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/ownership` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=ownership
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/financials` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=financials
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/capital-structure` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=capital-structure
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/compensation` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=compensation
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=governance
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/shareholder-governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=shareholder-governance
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/audit` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=audit
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/legal` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=legal
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/risk` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=risk
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/cyber` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=cyber
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/ai-governance` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=ai-governance
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/agents` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=agents
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/ecosystem` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=ecosystem
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/events` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=events
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/relationships` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=relationships
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/assessments` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=assessments
- `alpha://company/roper-technologies-inc/evidence` (contract): https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record&section=evidence

## Role modules

- NOT_ASSERTED

## Attention

- NO_RECORDS_FOUND

## Committee data

- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:23: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:richard-f-wallman","name":"Richard F. Wallman"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:24: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:irene-m-esteves","name":"Irene M. Esteves"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:25: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:john-f-murphy","name":"John F. Murphy"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:26: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Audit","category":"audit","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:thomas-p-joyce-jr","name":"Thomas P. Joyce, Jr."},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:28: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Compensation","category":"compensation","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:laura-g-thatcher","name":"Laura G. Thatcher"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:29: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Compensation","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:amy-woods-brinkley","name":"Amy Woods Brinkley"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:30: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Compensation","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:john-f-murphy","name":"John F. Murphy"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:31: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Compensation","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:robert-d-johnson","name":"Robert D. Johnson"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:32: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Compensation","category":"compensation","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:thomas-p-joyce-jr","name":"Thomas P. Joyce, Jr."},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:34: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:amy-woods-brinkley","name":"Amy Woods Brinkley"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:35: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:laura-g-thatcher","name":"Laura G. Thatcher"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:36: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:richard-f-wallman","name":"Richard F. Wallman"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:37: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Executive","category":"other","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:shellye-l-archambeau","name":"Shellye L. Archambeau"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:39: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Nominating and Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"chair","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:shellye-l-archambeau","name":"Shellye L. Archambeau"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:40: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Nominating and Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:amy-woods-brinkley","name":"Amy Woods Brinkley"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:41: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Nominating and Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:irene-m-esteves","name":"Irene M. Esteves"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`
- Claim alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:42: `{"kind":"committee_appointment","original_name":"Nominating and Governance","category":"nominating_governance","role":"member","person":{"alpha_id":"alpha:person:robert-d-johnson","name":"Robert D. Johnson"},"source_id":"board_seats"}`

## Leadership

- Amy Woods Brinkley: Chair, Compensation; Nominating and Governance; Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:9. Valid from: 2015-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Robert D. Johnson: Chair, Compensation; Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:10. Valid from: 2005-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Abhijit Dubey: Director. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:11. Valid from: 2026-10-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:e483cd5e2f997965c9962a6cf3f8f58e3a35e98ee8dfcb351860fc6a17a417f9.
- Irene M. Esteves: Independent Director, Audit; Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:12. Valid from: 2021-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- John F. Murphy: Independent Director, Audit; Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:13. Valid from: 2024-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- L. Neil Hunn: Director. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:14. Valid from: 2018-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Laura G. Thatcher: Independent Director, Compensation · Chair; Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:15. Valid from: 2015-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Richard F. Wallman: Independent Director, Audit · Chair; Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:16. Valid from: 2007-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Shellye L. Archambeau: Independent Director, Nominating and Governance · Chair; Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:17. Valid from: 2018-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.: Independent Director, Audit; Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:18. Valid from: 2021-01-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b.
- Jason Conley: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:19. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:da6d06b49ed32945a3ccb7aea095e4253a98e68a8dc01f2f89003f6a84d3c9c0.
- John K. Stipancich: Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:20. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:e0f5dd6dbd9873fa60a5991d9e4ca8bc80dbf315d6a229ed3bd3cd4203f5bae2.
- L. Neil Hunn: President and Chief Executive Officer. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:leadership_role:21. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:document:1e6ef82c27d259dd3116e8d38eda58d5303c6e838bc97281dba8b891d46c8670.

## Roles

- PUBLISHED

## Governance

- NOT_ASSERTED

## Board committees

- Audit: Chair Richard F. Wallman; Members Richard F. Wallman (Chair); Irene M. Esteves; John F. Murphy; Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_record:22. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Compensation: Chair Laura G. Thatcher; Members Laura G. Thatcher (Chair); Amy Woods Brinkley; John F. Murphy; Robert D. Johnson; Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_record:27. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Executive: Chair not stated; Members Amy Woods Brinkley; Laura G. Thatcher; Richard F. Wallman; Shellye L. Archambeau. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_record:33. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Nominating and Governance: Chair Shellye L. Archambeau; Members Shellye L. Archambeau (Chair); Amy Woods Brinkley; Irene M. Esteves; Robert D. Johnson. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_record:38. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.

## Financials

- NOT_ASSERTED

## Workforce

- NOT_ASSERTED

## Market and index context

- S&P 500 (SPX). Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:index_membership:43. Valid from: 2009-12-23. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:827a22a1567eda11fa866650563f33918ee2975144378fa7fd6f46399da5427a.
- Nasdaq-100 (NDX). Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:index_membership:44. Valid from: 2026-09-01. Valid to: NOT_ASSERTED. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:24e3e0a1948ea10a66303a2e7032cc9bbc5c4edf5c6d4eb77b262a15ea2009a5.

## Legal Name

- ROPER TECHNOLOGIES INC. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:legal_name:1. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.

## Entity Status

- Public listing published. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:entity_status:3. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.

## Official Website

- https://www.ropertech.com. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:official_website:4. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:bb100a5f6765994057e6d6d22c0ec4b07db631605d316bc0bfa3692d19514363.

## Published Fact

- US. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:published_fact:5. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.
- DE. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:published_fact:6. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.
- Technology. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:published_fact:7. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.
- https://www.ropertech.com. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:published_fact:8. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:bb100a5f6765994057e6d6d22c0ec4b07db631605d316bc0bfa3692d19514363.

## Committee Appointment

- Richard F. Wallman: chair, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:23. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Irene M. Esteves: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:24. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- John F. Murphy: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:25. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.: member, Audit. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:26. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Laura G. Thatcher: chair, Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:28. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Amy Woods Brinkley: member, Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:29. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- John F. Murphy: member, Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:30. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Robert D. Johnson: member, Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:31. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Thomas P. Joyce, Jr.: member, Compensation. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:32. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Amy Woods Brinkley: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:34. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Laura G. Thatcher: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:35. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Richard F. Wallman: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:36. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Shellye L. Archambeau: member, Executive. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:37. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Shellye L. Archambeau: chair, Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:39. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Amy Woods Brinkley: member, Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:40. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Irene M. Esteves: member, Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:41. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.
- Robert D. Johnson: member, Nominating and Governance. Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:committee_appointment:42. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6.

## Security Listing

- ROP (NASDAQ). Claim: alpha:claim:company:5d76ae3d-f8f3-4331-8479-b5e2dcf33b6b:security_listing:45. Publication: PUBLISHED. Verification: source_reported. Assertion: source_reported. Evidence: alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7.

## Coverage states

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Identity | PUBLISHED |
| Business | PUBLISHED |
| Leadership | PUBLISHED |
| Board and committees | PUBLISHED |
| Governance | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Financials | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Workforce | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Ownership | NOT_ASSERTED |
| Ratings | NOT_PUBLISHED |
| Market and index context | PUBLISHED |

## Public sources

- alpha:projection-evidence:32ef3f177f6bee928e9e4dc4bc68f51944ae17bc935bfc8e79579b32381bf0e7: [Alpha canonical company public projection](https://www.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc).
- alpha:projection-evidence:bb100a5f6765994057e6d6d22c0ec4b07db631605d316bc0bfa3692d19514363: [ROPER TECHNOLOGIES INC Form 10-K (filed 2026-02-24)](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283526000009/rop-20251231.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:1d7f62fa7d49bffaab9fd6deb14bcaa114e12269e15436f21ee12b91493d3a4b: [Roper Technologies, Inc. DEF 14A 2026-04-07](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000119312526145481/d204543ddef14a.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:e483cd5e2f997965c9962a6cf3f8f58e3a35e98ee8dfcb351860fc6a17a417f9: [SEC 8-K Item 5.02 0000882835-26-000039](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283526000039/rop-20260929.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:da6d06b49ed32945a3ccb7aea095e4253a98e68a8dc01f2f89003f6a84d3c9c0: ROP executive roster source.
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:e0f5dd6dbd9873fa60a5991d9e4ca8bc80dbf315d6a229ed3bd3cd4203f5bae2: ROP executive roster source.
- alpha:projection-evidence:document:1e6ef82c27d259dd3116e8d38eda58d5303c6e838bc97281dba8b891d46c8670: ROP executive roster source.
- alpha:projection-evidence:f297bdf459d6941270f96e1dad70fddbb97c713a21de3294e275962bfac4b7e6: [Audit](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000119312526145481/d204543ddef14a.htm).
- alpha:projection-evidence:827a22a1567eda11fa866650563f33918ee2975144378fa7fd6f46399da5427a: [S&P 500](https://www.slickcharts.com/sp500).
- alpha:projection-evidence:24e3e0a1948ea10a66303a2e7032cc9bbc5c4edf5c6d4eb77b262a15ea2009a5: [Nasdaq-100](https://api.nasdaq.com/api/quote/list-type/nasdaq100).

## Rights

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| public_retrieval | allowed |
| agent_retrieval | allowed |
| redistribution | not_granted |
| model_training | not_granted |
| commercial_use | not_specified |
| relationship_pathfinding | not_granted |
| direct_contact | not_granted |

## Limitations

- Absence of a leadership role, committee, or disclosure is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Only explicitly published canonical company identity and current confirmed public roles are included.
- Absence of a board, committee, executive, listing, or claim is not evidence that it does not exist.
- Public retrieval does not grant redistribution, model-training, direct-contact, or relationship-pathfinding rights.
- This Company Profile is an identity and evidence record, not an Alpha rating.

## Alternate representations

- [Canonical profile](https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/roper-technologies-inc)
- [Public Markdown](https://registry.alpha.ac/companies/roper-technologies-inc.md)
- [Public JSON](https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=record)
- [JSON-LD](https://registry.alpha.ac/api/public/companies/roper-technologies-inc?format=jsonld)
- MCP resource: `alpha://companies/roper-technologies-inc` at https://mcp.alpha.ac/mcp


## Connected governance records

Only explicitly published, rights-cleared records. Missing records do not establish absence, safety, or complete coverage.

## Critical-risk oversight

Snapshot as of 2026-10-16T06:31:40.355551+00:00; recorded 2026-10-16T06:31:40.355551+00:00. Every published assignment for this snapshot is listed.
Only explicitly reviewed, rights-cleared assignments in effect on the as-of date, in the company's own wording.
An assignment shows where oversight is placed, not whether it is effective. Missing records do not establish absence.